Billions of us have seen the performances of the marvellous athletes at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The top 15 countries in terms of 5 or more Gold medals were the host nation China (#1, 51 Gold medals), the US (#2, 36), Russia (#3, 23), the UK (#4; 19; the next Olympic host nation), Germany (#5, 16), Australia (#6, 14), South Korea (#7, 13), Japan (#8, 9), Italy (#9, 8), France (#10, 7), Ukraine (#11, 7), the Netherlands (#12, 7), Jamaica (#13, 6), Spain (#14, 5) and Kenya (#15, 5).
However we must ask the question: how GREEN were the efforts of the successful Gold Medal-winning countries?
Clearly winning Gold is not vital for human survival – it can be seen in today’s starving world as a national pride indulgence and involved significant national investment (apparently up to $100 million dollars for each Gold Medal won by Australia). Winning Gold was clearly expensive in terms of dollars and hence in terms of greenhouse gas pollution in a global carbon-based energy system. However it is a major research project to determine the precise investment in Gold Medals for every country.
One initial approach to “How Green were the Gold Medal Winners?” is to determine the Olympic Gold Medal Tally per capita. In terms of “Gold Medals won per million of population” Jamaica (2.222) was #1 followed by Bahrain (#2, 1.326), Estonia (#3, 0.775), New Zealand (#4, 0.763), Mongolia (#5, 0.749) and Australia (#7, 0.697). India (0.00091) came last (for a very detailed and documented analyses see “Beijing Olympic Gold Talley per head of population”).
India’s last position should be a matter of some pride to Indians because it is indicative of a humanity that says that huge investment in sport for Gold medals is an unconscionable indulgence in a world in which 16 million people die avoidably each year from deprivation and deprivation-exacerbated disease (see “Global avoidable mortality”). This interpretation of the Beijing Olympics Gold Medal Tally is provided in an article “India TOPS humanity-indicative Olympics Population/Gold Medals list of Gold medal-winning nations”.
However, a further key part of our “Green-ness” analysis should take per capita greenhouse gas pollution into account. A better relative measure of how “greenhouse gas dirty” each national Olympic Gold Medal tally is would be to multiply the “Gold medals per million of population” by the “annual per capita greenhouse gas pollution” to get a an Olympic Gold Medal Extravagance Index (Profligacy Index or Excess Index).
Thus, for example, in terms of (A) “2008 Gold Medals per million of 2005 population” [Gold], New Zealand (0.763) just beat Australia (0.697) but according to the US Energy Information Administration, the (B) “2005 per capita fossil fuel-derived CO2 pollution in tonnes per person per year” [CO2] was 9.37 for New Zealand and 20.24 for Australia. Multiplying A by B yields a Gold MedalxCO2 Pollution (gold medals.tonnes CO2) [GoldxCO2] score of 7.149 for New Zealand and 14.107 for Australia.
For a detailed breakdown of Beijing Olympics involvement by country see: http://au.sports.yahoo.com/olympics/countries/#K ; for 2005 population data see G.M. Polya, “Body Count. Global avoidable mortality since 1905” and http://globalbodycount.blogspot.com ; for the latest on the Beijing Olympics medal tally see Yahoo ; and for “2005 annual per capita fossil fuel-derived CO2 pollution in tonnes per person per year”.
The superb 2008 Beijing Olympics finished with China leading the World in the Olympic Gold Medal tally (51 Gold) but coming second in Total Medals (100) to the US (36 Gold medals, 110 Total Medals). However, in terms of “Gold Medals per Million of Population” China (0.039) was BELOW the World average (0.046) whereas the US (0.120) was ABOVE the World average.
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